剑桥雅思8阅读test2原文 来自剑桥雅思8真题听力 Test2(4-2)句子翻译

大学路小编给大家带来了剑桥雅思8阅读test2原文 来自剑桥雅思8真题听力 Test2(4-2)句子翻译相关文章，一起来看一下吧。

本文目录一览：

• 1、剑桥雅思阅读AUSTRALIA’SSPORTINGSUCCESS及答案解析
• 2、来自剑桥雅思8真题听力 Test2(4-2)句子翻译
• 3、雅思写作范文：剑八的不变与变

剑桥雅思阅读AUSTRALIA’SSPORTINGSUCCESS及答案解析

做好雅思的阅读题除了掌握对的 方法 ，也离不开我们日常的辛勤练习，下面我给大家带来剑桥雅思阅读AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS及答案解析，一起加油吧！

剑桥雅思阅读AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS

READING PASSAGE 1

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.

AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS

A They play hard, they play often, and they play to win. Australian sports teams win more than their fair share of titles, demolishing rivals with seeming ease. How do they do it? A big part of the secret is an extensive and expensive network of sporting academies underpinned by science and medicine. At the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS), hundreds of youngsters and pros live and train under the eyes of coaches. Another body, the Australian Sports Commission (ASC), finances programmes of excellence in a total of 96 sports for thousands of sport*en and women. Both provide intensive coaching, training facilities and nutritional advice.

B Inside the academies, science takes centre stage. The AIS employs more than 100 sports scientists and doctors, and collaborates with scores of others in universities and research centres. AIS scientists work across a number of sports, applying skills learned in one — such as building muscle strength in golfers — to others, such as swimming and squash. They are backed up by technicians who design instruments to collect data from athletes. They all focus on one aim: winning. ‘We can’t waste our time looking at ethereal scientific questions that don’t help the coach work with an athlete and improve performance,’ says Peter Fricker, chief of science at AIS.

C A lot of their work comes down to measurement — everything from the exact angle of a swimmer’s dive to the second-by-second power output of a cyclist. This data is used to wring improvements out of athletes. The focus is on individuals, tweaking performances to squeeze an extra hundredth of a second here, an extra millimetre there. No gain is too slight to bother with. It’s the tiny, gradual improvements that add up to world-beating results. To demonstrate how the system works, Bruce Mason at AIS shows off the prototype of a 3D *ysis tool for studying swimmers. A wire-frame model of a champion swimmer slices through the water, her arms moving in slow motion. Looking side-on, Mason measures the distance between strokes. From above, he *yses how her spine swivels. When fully developed, this system will enable him to build a biomechanical profile for coaches to use to help budding swimmers. Mason’s contribution to sport also includes the development of the SWAN (Swimming Analysis) system now used in Australian national competitions. It collects images from digital cameras running at 50 frames a second and breaks down each part of a swimmer’s performance into factors that can be *ysed individually — stroke length, stroke frequency, average duration of each stroke, velocity, start, lap and finish times, and so on. At the end of each race, SWAN spits out data on each swimmer.

D ‘Take a look,’ says Mason, pulling out a sheet of data. He points out the data on the swimmers in second and third place, which shows that the one who finished third actually swam faster. So why did he finish 35 hundredths of a second down? ‘His turn times were 44 hundredths of a second behind the other guy,’ says Mason. ‘If he can improve on his turns, he can do much better.’ This is the kind of accuracy that AIS scientists’ research is bringing to a range of sports. With the Cooperative Research Centre for Micro Technology in Melbourne, they are developing unobtrusive sensors that will be embedded in an athlete’s clothes or running shoes to monitor heart rate, sweating, heat production or any other factor that might have an impact on an athlete’s ability to run. There’s more to it than simply measuring performance. Fricker gives the example of athletes who may be down with coughs and colds 11 or 12 times a year. After years of experimentation, AIS and the University of Newcastle in New South Wales developed a test that measures how much of the immune-system protein immunoglobulin A is present in athletes’ saliva. If IgA levels suddenly fall below a certain level, training is eased or dropped altogether. Soon, IgA levels start rising again, and the danger passes. Since the tests were introduced, AIS athletes in all sports have been remarkably successful at staying healthy.

E Using data is a complex business. Well before a championship, sports scientists and coaches start to prepare the athlete by developing a ‘competition model’, based on what they expect will be the winning times.’ You design the model to make that time,’ says Mason.’ A start of this much, each free-swimming period has to be this fast, with a certain stroke frequency and stroke length, with turns done in these times.’ All the training is then geared towards making the athlete hit those targets, both overall and for each segment of the race. Techniques like these have transformed Australia into arguably the world’s most successful sporting nation.

F Of course, there’s nothing to stop other countries copying — and many have tried. Some years ago, the AIS unveiled coolant-lined jackets for endurance athletes. At the Atlanta Olympic Games in 1996, these sliced as much as two per cent off cyclists’ and rowers’ times. Now everyone uses them. The same has happened to the ‘altitude tent’, developed by AIS to replicate the effect of altitude training at sea level. But Australia’s success story is about more than easily copied technological fixes, and up to now no nation has replicated its all-encompassing system.

剑桥雅思阅读AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS题目

Questions 1-7

Reading Passage 1 has six paragraphs, A-F.

Which paragraph contains the following information?

Write the correct letter, A-F, in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.

NB You may use any letter more than once.

1 a reference to the exchange of expertise between different sports

2 an explanation of how visual imaging is employed in investigations

3 a reason for narrowing the scope of research activity

4 how some AIS ideas have been reproduced

5 how obstacles to optimum achievement can be investigated

6 an overview of the funded support of athletes

7 how performance requirements are calculated before an event

Questions 8-11

Classify the following techniques according to whether the writer states they

A are currently exclusively used by Australians

B will be used in the future by Australians

C are currently used by both Australians and their rivals

Write the correct letter, A, B or C, in boxes 8-11 on your answer sheet.

8 cameras

9 sensors

10 protein tests

11 altitude tents

Questions 12 and 13

Answer the questions below.

Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS ANDIOR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 12 and 13 on your answer sheet.

12 What is produced to help an athlete plan their performance in an event?

13 By how much did some cyclists’ performance improve at the 1996 Olympic Games?

剑桥雅思阅读AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS答案

Question 1

答案：B

关键词：exchange of expertise, between different sports/collaborate, across a number of sports

定位原文：B段第2、3句“...and collaborates with… a number of sports …”

解题思路: 题干中讲到不同体育领域的专业知识交流正好跟原文中跨不同体育专家之间的合作相对应，理解意思即可容易找到正确答案。

Question 2

答案：C

关键词: visual imaging/3D, image

定位原文: C段第6句: “...shows off the prototype of a 3D *ysis …”

解题思路: 通过题干中的视频成像可以很容易找到原文中对应的3D和成像。

Question 3

答案：B

关键词: a reason for narrowing/ can’t waste time

定位原文: B段最后1句: “We can’t waste our time looking…”

解题思路: 题目中的research activity和原文中的scientific questions 属于同义表达，定位答题区域，发现此句话所要表达的意思是不在一些飘渺的、不切实际的科学问题上浪费时间，也就是说要缩小研究的范围。

Question 4

答案：F

关键词：AIS ideas reproduce/ copying

定位原文: F段第1句话 “Of course, there’s nothing…”

解题思路: 题干中的reproduce是复制的意思，之后从 文章 中发现 句子 有复制copying，即可以直接定位。

Question 5

答案：D

关键词：Obstacle, investigated/ impact, monitor

定位原文: D段第6句“... to monitor heart rate…”

解题思路: 题干提到理想成绩的障碍是如何被调查研究的，而读到对应句子之后看到正好是sensors(传感器)对于运动员跑步的impact(影响)进行研究的仪器，而且obstacles和impact对应。

Question 6

答案：A

关键词：Overview, funded support finance

定位原文: A段倒数第2句 “...finances programmes of excellence…”

解题思路: finances是解题关键，意思为资助，正好跟题干中funded support表达了相同的义项，直接对应。而且之后一句话提及以上项目所提供的服务和建议，可以确信答案。

Question 7

答案：E

关键词：Calculated before an event/ using data, well before a championship

定位原文: E段第1句、第2句 “Using data is a complex business. Well before a championship, ...”

解题思路: 首先通过well before a championship和文章中before an event定位到E段， 之后发现后面提及的“竞争模型”作用就是计算时间和速率，因此内容对应上calculate，此时可断定答案的位置。

Question 8

答案：A

关键词: digital cameras

定位原文: C段倒数第3句: “..SWAN system now used in Australian national…”

解题思路: 前一句已经提到该系统已广泛应用于澳大利亚各项全国赛事之中，而没有提到其他国家，因此可以判断应该只有澳大利亚人在使用。

Question 9

答案：B

关键词：sensor

定位原文: D段第7句：“...With the Cooperative Research Centre for Micro…”

解题思路: 找到相同对应词sensor，读其前后的句子，发现有 Melbourne，断定是澳大利亚人的发明。之后要特别留心动词develop运用现在进行时，表示正在开发;而且注意之后的定语从句采用了将来时，所以可以断定此发明还没有完成，应该属于将来的成果。因此选择B。

Question 10

答案: A

关键词：protein

定位原文: D段倒数第4句: “… AIS and the University of Newcastle…”

解题思路: 非常容易在前面第一句话中找到跟题目protein tests所对应的词语a test ...protein。之后细读前后句，发现后面一句话对于此项科技成果的受益者文章中只提到AIS运动员，即澳大利亚体育学院的运动员，隶属于澳大利亚，所以应该选择A。

Question 11

答案：C

关键词: altitude tent

定位原文: F段倒数第2句: “The same has happened to the ‘altitude tent ’…”

解题思路: 文章中很容易找到用引号括起来的题目中的名词 短语 ，因此只要细心读原句，就会发现开头的‘The same has happened...’同样的事情也发生在……根据 经验 应该顺着文章向上追溯，发现跟‘altitude tent’相同情况的是1996年奥运会上澳大利亚人受益的流线型散热运动服现在全世界都在用。因此 ‘altitude tent’也被世界各国应用。所以答案应该选择C。且根据此段话大意可以了解文章只提到两种研究成果被别国运用，即髙原帐蓬和流线型散热服。所以可以间接判断前三项成果是由澳大利人独享的。

Question 12

答案： (a)competition model

关键词： help an athlete plan, produced / prepare the athlete by, developing

定位原文: E段第1句“Using data…”

解题思路: Help an athlete plan their performance 对应上prepare the athlete by之后，要认真研究题目所问的是what is produced,断定所作答案必定要填一个名词。因此要细读原文发现有单词developing恰与produced相对应，中文意思是“开发”，则答案必定是开发之后的名词。

Question 13

答案： (by)2 percent/%

关键词： 19% Olympic Games, cyclists, improve

定位原文: F段第3句“At the Atlanta…”

解题思路: 分析问句是 ‘By how much... improve’，意思为“提高了多少”，可以判断出答案需要写一个数字。因此仔细阅读相关语句找到 sliced as much as two per cent off cyclists ‘and rowers’ time。很快就可以找到数字百分之二

。

来自剑桥雅思8真题听力 Test2(4-2)句子翻译

目前看来，在英国，尽管报纸持续报道人们对医疗福利不满意，实际上人们主要是对在医院实施的，属于第三级的医疗表示担忧。各个级别的的管理改革问题已经被提交议案，尽管能否改革成功不能保证。实际上，长期的医院护理问题可能并没有媒体鼓吹的那么严重。然而我仍然拿到了一些数据，可以仔细看一看其中的问题。
当然，我会做一些比我本来打算的更加深入的研究用来回答一个问题：人们是需要更多的社区医护人员投入，还是相反的，更少的医护人员投入，但是更大，更关键的医疗单元投入。

雅思写作范文：剑八的不变与变

本文来自雅思作文网liuxue86.com《剑八的不变与变》。 1. 不变

从剑8题透大家几乎看不到任何的大小作文题型和话题的变化。而且Task1和Task2考察的题型，体裁以及特点都几乎全部覆盖到了。

1.Some people think that parents should teach children how to be good members of society. Others, however, believe that school is the place to learn this.

Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.

2.Nowadays the way many people interact with each other has changed because of technology.

In what ways has technology affected the types of relationships people make?

Has this become a positive or negative development?

3.Increasing the price of petrol is the best way to solve growing traffic and pollution problems.

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

What other measures do you think might be effective?

4.In some countries the average weight of people is increasing and their levels of health and fitness are decreasing.

What do you think are the causes of these problems and what measures could be taken to solve them?

---------------------------------

我们不难发现第1.2题都是传统的辩论类写作出题方式，第4题是Report类出题(比剑七的第78页更典型的Report类题型)。这些题型高速我们雅思写作大作文整体方向是没有任何变化的，仍然坚持以辩论类观点来考场学生的辩证分析能力。

小作文也是一样，变化不是很明显。

第一篇Page 30页 饼状图和Table图的复合

不禁让人想起了剑六的第一篇--线条图与Table图的复合， 难度和题型基本没有太大变化。

第二篇 Page 53页 三饼复合出现

很显然，从外表来看跟剑七102页的四饼图很相似。

第三篇 Page 78页 两个流程图

没有意外，跟剑六的第75页的蚕吐丝的流程高度形似，因为是都两幅图。

第四篇 Page 101页

几乎一样，与剑七的第53页的线条图几乎长的一样。

总结：从整体与外表上来看，剑八与剑七剑六基本没变。

对于G类小作文，剑八依然沿袭了传统的传统和体现了考试真实的一面。

一如既往的，本次剑八中包含了两套G类考题。从书信作文的种类来说，也非常的主流。一篇是每年考试至少占取30%的"投诉建议信"和"友情信"。一封要求语气措辞正式，一篇则为非正式。这两篇选题也体现了历年雅思G类小作文的考试情况。

2.变

所谓外行看热闹，内行看门道。对于一个雅思写作教学数年经验的老师而言，笔者发现其实剑八跟剑桥的以往教材还是有很多的变化。

2.1大作文的出题类型

雅思作文要想更进一步,请天天访问我们.感谢阅读《剑八的不变与变》一文.本文来自雅思作文网liuxue86.com《剑八的不变与变》。
我们再次回头看看剑八的第2套题的大作文

Nowadays the way many people interact with each other has changed because of technology.

In what ways has technology affected the types of relationships people make?

Has this become a positive or negative development?

这道题颠覆了传统的Discuss both views and give your own opinion.和 To what extent do you agree or disagree?的出题方式。

这是一道典型的Report与Argumentation的复合题。难度比传统的题型明显要大，即使上过雅思培训班的学生也不一定会解题，一是没有练过笔无从下手，而是老师不讲解此类考题。

其实这种类型题目在2010年考过一次：

10.10.09

Some countries have introduced a law to limit working hours for employees. Why is this law introduced? Do you think it is a positive or a negative development?

这种题型在剑八里面出现说明雅思写作单项的难度正在加大，传统的两边倒四段式写作法正在受到挑战，考生必须有所心理准备和技巧准备。

剑八的第3套题也再次印证了上面的推断!

我们回放一下原题吧：

4.In some countries the average weight of people is increasing and their levels of health and fitness are decreasing.

What do you think are the causes of these problems and what measures could be taken to solve them? 剑八 Page 79

我们看到了Argumentation题型的提问方式，我们也看到了Report类题型的提问方式。这就是剑八传递的一个重要信息：复合题型!

其实雅思年复合题型都有非常非常少量的涉及，但是像这样正式地编写到剑桥雅思官方教材是前所未有地!值得关注与研究!

2.2流程图的变化

剑六和剑八的流程图外表相似，内在却有差别。剑六是一幅动词性流程图，一幅名词性流程图。而剑八而是两幅名词性流程图。难度基本持平，但是却有潜在变化。这两个两成图不是平分Main Features，而是一大一小。而且第二幅图植入了数据。换言之，第一幅图要写的内容大概是6句话，第二幅3句话。烤鸭们在考场上往往会惯性地认为各半(剑六就是一半一半)。而且名词性流程图的技巧与动词性流程图显然是不一样的。

还有一点值得注意的是这幅图是2006年6月24日的考题。这种复古型的题型是暗示流程图的最新走势还是坚持传统有待于考场真题的验证，但是可以肯定的是，非数据性图表(地图，流程图)肯定会在Task1中高调登场，2010年的6次地图3次流程图就是最好证明!

2.3字数限制

剑8-Test2-Test2， 学生的习作是5.5分，考官的第一句就是： "The topic introduction has been copied from the task and is deducted from the word count. This leaves the answer underlength at 236 words, so the candidate loses markers for this. 同时也在此证明了开头段照抄原题的字数是不会计入总字数的!希望烤鸭们不要心存侥幸，加大平时的练笔量，足字地完成作文。

2.4Sample Answer引用

写作老师最最关心地就是剑桥系列书籍后面的考官范文和学生Sample作文。这是写作老师研究分数和评分标准的最好材料。

剑八中收录的12篇范文中，6篇为考官范文;4.5分、5.5分、6分、6.5分、7分和8分范文各1篇;这样的考分范围分布非常合理，既为考生与老师提供了足够的素材去研究，也对从2007年7月起引入的写作半分制提供了三档典型分数档的范文给考生参考。 而且从数据来看，比起剑七剑六两本书合起来所给的分数段更全面，更能让烤鸭找到自己的水平定位!

2.5考官评语

TR: address the questions, clear opinion with ideas to support

CC: linkers, referencing phrases, paragraphing

LR: word form, word choice, spelling

GRA: sentence form, grammar, punctuation

以上的词语收集全部来自考官对学生作文的核心评语收集。笔者发现整体的评分标准被印证没有改变，但是有些细节值得思考， 比如 address the question 我们发现审题是一如既往的重要。

word form, sentence form这些词语暗示考生写作语言的地道性!

3. 不变

对于剑桥的每一套书的诞生，写作老师最大的快乐莫过于来自研究考官所给的满分作文!毕竟9分的雅思作文传递的就是考官在改卷评分过程中Care的!

非常非常开心地发现，笔者在平时的教学中Care的Points考官的范文一次一次印证其准确性和实用性。

最后笔者总结了一些亘古不变的解题技巧!

从Task1讲起吧：剑八 162 页

这篇9分的小作文最大的技巧莫过于其语法句型。

Globally, 65% of degradation is caused by too much animal grazing and tree clearance, constituting 35% and 30% respectively.

这一句同剑七的第四篇小作文 Page 168考官范文如出一辙：

Between these years electricity production almost doubled, rising from 100 units to 170 in Australia, and from 90 to 180 units in France.

还有 But by 2000 unclear power, which was not used at all in Australia, had developed into the main source, producing almost 75% of electricity...

这三句出自满分作文的句子都是 SVO，Ving....现在分词作伴状结构。

These causes affected different regions differently in the 1990s, with Europe having as much as 9.8% of degradation due to deforestation, while the impact of this on Oceania and North America was minimal, with only 1.7% and 0.2% of land affected respectively.

这里用的是With +N+现在分词/过去分词作状语结构

同剑七第168页的：

The remaining 40 units were produced largely from oil and nuclear power, with hydro contributing only 5 units. 几乎一摸一样的语法结构。

这些都只是冰山一角，考官的满分范文传达的信息还有很多，我会在下一篇论文中具体一一论述，此处就不在喧宾夺主了!

最后总结一下，雅思剑八的诞生是一个考试的改革与前进的标志，也是考生汲取养分的素材，当然也是老师在课堂上丰富教学的给力补充。剑八不是危言耸听的天外来物，而是一本更成熟更有魅力的雅思考试备考教材!希望大家通过备考提升英语水平，实现出国读书或者移民的理想!

雅思作文要想更进一步,请天天访问我们.感谢阅读《剑八的不变与变》一文.

以上就是大学路小编给大家带来的剑桥雅思8阅读test2原文 来自剑桥雅思8真题听力 Test2(4-2)句子翻译，希望能对大家有所帮助。